Topographic Mapping

The topographic map is one of the most widely used maps. One can distinguish it from other maps, by observing the use of contour lines to portray the nature and outline of the land. These maps delineate the three-dimensional details of the topography on a two-dimensional surface.

Topographic maps are known to depict both manmade and natural features. They outline various geographical features like mountains, valleys, plains and vegetation. They also help in recognizing chief manmade features like roads, transmission lines and buildings.

Topographic maps provide an extensive information base for experts and layman alike. They are used majorly for engineering, energy research, natural resource preservation, commercial and residential development and for various outdoor activities.

Topographic mapping is a vital resource for a wide range of applications including:

	emergency and disaster response,
	national defense,
	asset and facilities management,
	demographics analysis,
	environmental monitoring,
	mineral and energy exploration,
	fleet and logistics management,
	graphic presentation of thematic data,
	infrastructure planning,
	other map production,
	market analysis, navigation and positioning,
	route planning,
	risk assessment,
	surveillance, and
	Teaching

Topographic Mapping (Portfolio Samples)